Fats Waller was born Thomas Wright Waller on May 21, 1904 in New York City. He started playing the piano when he was six and graduated to the organ in his father's church four years later. At the age of fourteen he was playing the organ at the Lincoln Theater in Harlem. Within twelve months he had composed his first rag, and recorded his first piano solos "Muscle Shoals Blues" and "Birmingham Blues" in 1922 when he was 18 years old.

The prize pupil, friend and colleague of stride pianist James P. Johnson, he became…