From Broadway To 52nd Street

As the decade of despair opens, Broadway opens another musical to lift the spirits of a theatre going society on February 18, 1930 the Ziegfeld Theatre unveils Simple Simon, starring Ed Wynn as a waif who dreams in fairy tales.  Wynn played Ziegfeld Follies until butting heads with W.C. Fields who let the back end of a pool cue down on Wynn’s head with a mighty thwack. He went on to sprout into his repertoire inane inventions like a pair of eyeglasses with a windshield to protect you when you ate grapefruit. But from the play Simple Simon, which ran for 135 performances, came the song Dancing on the Ceiling and He Was Too Good For Me composed by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart. The two songs, however, were dropped from the show before the New York opening but get their perpetual encores as jazz standards.

Jazz History: Before the Onyx Club came to life on 52^nd Street, Joe Helbock, who may justly claim to be the grandfather of The Street, was bootlegging there in 1927 and ’28 and sold to notables such as Teddy Roosevelt, Babe Ruth, Will Rogers, Marilyn Miller and Jimmy Walker. He hung out with Jimmy Dorsey, Paul “Pops” Whiteman and Roy Bargy at a “speak” called Plunkett’s where all the musicians hung out. In 1927 he opened the Onyx on the parlor floor in the rear of the brownstone at 35 W. 52^nd with his partner Fred Hoetter, giving the club its name because of the black marble bar. They started with Art Tatum, Maxine Sullivan, Louis Prima and Stuff Smith. It wasn’t until 1933 that The Onyx put a steady pianist on payroll for the cocktail hour however Willie “The Lion” Smith disputes this claim. As the story goes, one day in 1930, Joe approached Willie saying “Lion, why don’t you stop by every day around five and I’ll give you a little salary for your trouble?” That deal, the Lion emphasizes, established an engagement of the cocktail hour that launched 52^nd Street as the Cradle Of Swing.

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