From Broadway To 52nd Street
Oliver! opened at the Imperial Theatre on January 6, 1963 and ran 774 performances. Lionel Bart wrote the book and the lyrics and composed the music. One of his songs, Where Is Love became a jazz favorite.
The Story: Musical adaptation of Dickens story in which a young Oliver, an orphan in a workhouse, asks for more of the meager gruel from a surprised matron. Punished for beating up another boy who made fun of his dead mother and locked in a coffin but he escapes. Living on the streets of London he is befriended by the Artful Dodger who introduces him to Fagin, a criminal teaching young boys to become pickpockets. The thieving children are manipulated by their leader and mentor Fagin, and the young Oliver, who through circumstances is forced into a life of crime. Greed of the workhouse caretakers leads to Oliver’s ultimate rescue by a kindly old gentleman who realizes Oliver is his great nephew. The musical, as is the book, was a powerful statement on the 19th century poverty, crime and government neglect crying out for social reform.
Jazz History: By the 1960s, most of the legendary clubs were razed or fell into disrepair. The last club there closed its doors in 1968. Today, the street is full of banks, shops, and department stores and shows little trace of its jazz history. The block from 5th to 6th Avenues is formally co-named “Swing Street” and one block west is called “W. C. Handys Place”.
The 21 Club is the sole surviving club on 52nd Street that also existed during the 1940s. The venue for the original Birdland at 1674 Broadway (between 52nd & 53rd), which came into existence in 1949, is now a “gentlemen’s club”. The current Birdland is on 44th Street, between 8th and 9th Avenues.
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From Broadway To 52nd Street
Stop The World I Want To Get Off opened at the Shubert Theatre on October 2, 1962. Running for 555 performances The music and lyrics were composed by Leslie Bricusse and Anthony Newley. The musical starred Anthony Newley as Littlechap and Anna Quayle portrays Evie. Fortunately for the jazz world one of their tunes would enter the pantheon of jazz classics – What Kind Of Fool Am I.
The Story: Set against the backdrop of a circus, it focuses on Littlechap, whose first major step towards improving his lot is to marry Evie, his boss’ daughter. Saddled with the responsibilities of a family, he allows his growing dissatisfaction with his existence to lead him into the arms of various women – Russian Anya, German Ilse, and American Ginnie – as he searches for something better than he has, only to realize in the twilight of his life what he always had – the love of his wife – was more than enough to sustain him.
Broadway History: In 1950, the tradition of the gypsy robe was born on Broadway, when a chorus member in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes sent the worn-out robe of a fellow chorus member to a friend in a different production. Since then, the robe has been passed to the chorus member with the most credits on the opening night of Broadway plays, with each former “gypsy” adding a prop from his or her performance.
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Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Grady Tate was born January 14, 1932 in Durham, North Carolina who began singing at age four, drums at five. However music was not in his immediate future as he earned a degree from North Carolina Central University with a degree in English literature/drama, a minor in psychology and taught English and speech in Washington, DC. Fortunately for the jazz world his desire to pursue an acting career lead him to New York City and the American Academy of Dramatic Arts and once in New York his reputation as an outstanding musician resulted in work with Quincy Jones.
Grady Tate’s drumming helped to define a particular hard bop, soul jazz and organ trio sound during the mid 1960’s and beyond. His slick, layered and intense sound is instantly recognizable for its understated style in which he integrates his trademark subtle nuances with sharp, crisp “on top of the beat” timing (in comparison to playing slightly before, or slightly after the beat). The Grady Tate sound can be heard prominently on the many classic Jimmy Smith and Wes Montgomery albums recorded on the Verve label in the 1960s.
He has been a member of the New York Jazz Quartet, the Tonight Show with Johnny Carson for six years, and his most widely heard vocal performances are the songs “I Got Six”, “Naughty Number Nine”, and “Fireworks” from Multiplication Rock and America Rock part of the Schoolhouse Rock series.
Grady Tate’s popularity as choice sideman of accomplished musicians is due to his remarkable intuitiveness and ability to make any style of music swing tastefully, and his interpretation of many different genres of music, in which he creates his own unique style of jazz led him to work with a host of talent, the short list including Lionel Hampton, Sarah Vaughan, Jimmy Smith, Grant Green, Stanley Turrentine, Lena Horne, Astrud Gilberto, Ella Fitzgerald, Cal Tjader, Bill Evans and Stan Getz.
Grady Tate, baritone vocalist and drummer has been on the faculty of Howard University since 1989.
Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Jay McShann, born James Columbus McShann on January 12, 1916 in Muskogee, Oklahoma began played the piano from the age of 12. His primary education came from Earl “Fatha” Hines late-night radio broadcasts from the Grand Terrace Café. Leaving home he spent time at college and working with bands throughout Oklahoma, Arkansas, Arizona and New Mexico.
In the 1930 Jay moved to Kansas City working with both local groups and his own band with his 1938 band comprised of Charlie Parker, Bernard Anderson, Al Hibbler, Paul Quinichette, Earl Coleman, Ben Webster and Walker Brown, creating a music that would become known as the Kansas City sound.
Nicknamed Hootie, it was during the 1940s that he stood at the forefront of the blues and hard bop jazz musicians mainly from Kansas City. His first recordings were all with Charlie Parker, the first as “The Jay McShann Orchestra” on August 9, 1940. After World War II he began to lead small groups featuring blues shouter Jimmy Witherspoon. Witherspoon started recording with McShann in 1945, and fronting McShann’s band, and had a hit in 1949 with “Ain’t Nobody’s Business”.
Jay McShann was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame, was nominated twice for a Grammy Award, performed regularly with violinist Claude Williams and continued to recording and touring into the nineties around Kansas City and Toronto, Ontario. The blues and jazz pianist Jay McShann, whose career spanned more than sixty years, passed on December 7, 2006, at St. Luke’s Hospital in Kansas City.
From Broadway To 52nd Street
No Strings opened the curtain at the 54th Street Theatre on March 15, 1962 and ran for 580 performances. The musical starred Richard Kiley and Diahann Carroll performing music composed by Richard Rodgers, and The Sweetest Sounds and Loads of Love went on to become part of the classic jazz lexicon.
The Story: In Paris, David Jordan, a prize-winning writer suffering from a long dry spell meets a black model, Barbara Woodruff. Their budding romance wilts when David learns that a wealthy admirer has kept Barbara. Later they resume their affair but after recognizing that an interracial marriage would be doomed, they go their separate ways.
Jazz History: When trumpeter Miles Davis, under the influence of James Brown, Sly Stone, and Jimi Hendrix, crossed over to a new rock-inflected form with his influential Bitches Brew album in 1970, the new sub-genre of jazz-rock fusion gained jazz legitimacy for about a decade. Numerous graduates of Davis’ experiment—including pianists Herbie Hancock, Keith Jarrett, Joe Zawinul, and Chick Corea, drummers Tony Williams and Jack DeJohnette, percussionist Airto Moreira, saxophonist Wayne Shorter, guitarist John McLaughlin, and bassist Dave Holland—went on to success as leaders or members of 70s fusion super groups like Weather Report, Return to Forever, Lifetime, and the Mahavishnu Orchestra. Fusion was followed by a lighter, radio-friendly style called smooth jazz, which ultimately diminished the legitimacy of fusion in the minds of jazz purists. Fusion was innovative in its time, however, for it brought electronics and a strong backbeat into jazz, while influencing an entire new generation to begin exploring the style.
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