Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Claude Bolling was born April 10, 1930 in Cannes, France. He studied at the Nice Conservatory in Paris. A child prodigy whose primary influence was Duke Ellington, he was playing jazz piano professionally at age 14 with Lionel Hampton, Roy Eldridge and Kenny Clarke. Drawing inspiration from the New Orleans sound of Jelly Roll Morton, King Oliver, Louis Armstrong and Sidney Bechet and blending it with the music of Johnny Hodges, Barney Bigard and Cootie Williams created an interesting voice for the small band Bolling assembled in 1945. This combination put Claude in the midst of the trad jazz scene in Europe that evolved during the fifties.
He worked with Paul Gonsalves, Roy Eldridge, Lionel Hampton, Cat Anderson and Rex Stewart and by 1955 was leading his own orchestra. Stepping aside from his jazz recording and performance duties in the 60’s, Bolling ventured into creating, managing and producing a female pop group Les Parisiennes, composed for film and television (amassing over a hundred scores), expanded his interpretive range to include the early American modern jazz pianists like Erroll Garner, Willie “The Lion” Smith, Fats Waller and Horace Silver.
His European fans followed his decades of playing ragtime, blues, New Orleans jazz, boogie woogie and swing, however, his American devotees gained access to his suites written and arranged for classical flute, guitar, trumpet, violin and cello soloists and a mainstream jazz piano trio beginning with his collaboration with flautist Jean-Pierre Rampal, a mixture of baroque elegance and modern swing that stayed at the top of the hit parade for two years and in the Billboard “Top 40” for 530 weeks, roughly ten years.
He became friends, worked with and paid tribute in his later years to Oscar Peterson, Duke Ellington, Django Reinhardt, Stephane Grappelli and Lionel Hampton. Claude Bolling, at 89, a renowned jazz pianist, composer, arrange and occasional actor is still active.
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Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Tenor saxophonist Julian Dash was born on April 9, 1916 in Charleston, South Carolina. He first played the alto saxophone and made his debut in the Charleston Nighthawks in 1935, then switched to tenor that year playing with the Revellers and the Bama State Collegians at Alabama State Teachers College from 1935-36 followed with a move to New York to study embalming.
Dash headed his own group from 1936 to 38 then replaced Paul Bascomb in the Erskine Hawkins Orchestra, an association that lasted into the 50’s. After the group disbanded Julian became a part-time player, worked with Buck Clayton in 1953, worked with Marlowe Morris in the sixties, led his own quintet in 1970-71 prior to retiring in 1971. Julian Dash, tenor saxophonist who was based in swing music and co-wrote the classic hit Tuxedo Junction, passed away on February 25, 1974.
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Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Carmen Mercedes McRae was born on April 8, 1920 in Harlem, New York City to Jamaican immigrant parents. She began studying piano at eight and the music of Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington filled her home. Drawing inspiration from Billie Holiday, whom she met at 17, she developed and established her own distinctive voice. As a teenager she came to the attention of longtime Holiday collaborator Teddy Wilson and his composer wife, Irene Kitchings Wilson and through their influence Billie recorded her early composition “Dream of Life”.
In her late teens and early twenties, McRae worked as a secretary, sang as a chorus girl, played piano at Harlem’s famous Minton’s Playhouse where she met Dizzy Gillespie, Oscar Pettiford and Kenny Clarke. By 1944 she was playing piano with Benny Carter, working with Count Basie and made her first recording as a pianist with Mercer Ellington between 1946-47. But it was her meeting of Milt Gabler that got her signed to Decca and over the next five years she produced twelve albums.
A four-year stint in Chicago from 1948 to 1952 gave her, in her own words, “Those years in Chicago gave me whatever I have now… That’s the most prominent schooling I ever had.” Upon her return to New York she landed the record contract that launched her career and got her voted best new female vocalist by Down Beat magazine.
Carmen McRae enjoyed an opulent career that would span fifty years producing memorable albums with composer Noel Coward, Sammy Davis Jr., Dave Brubeck, George Shearing, Louis Armstrong, Cal Tjader and Betty Carter. She never performed without singing at least one song associated with Lady Day and recorded tribute albums to Billie Holiday, Thelonious Monk and Sarah Vaughan. She sang in jazz clubs throughout the U.S. and around the world, performed at the North Sea and Montreux Jazz Festivals and was a seven-time invitee to the Monterey’s Jazz Festival. She recorded over 60 albums and it was her behind-the-beat phrasing and ironic interpretations of lyrics that made her memorable.
Refusing to quit smoking, she was forced to retire in 1991 due to emphysema and on November 10, 1994 Carmen McRae, singer, composer, pianist and actress died in Beverly Hills, California from a stroke following complications from respiratory illness. She was 74.
Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Billie Holiday was born Elinore Harris on April 7, 1915 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to a single mother who often left her to be raised by relatives. Surviving a tumultuous childhood in and out of reform schools, it was while working in a brothel at fourteen that she first heard the songs of Louis Armstrong and Bessie Smith. She soon teamed up with tenor saxophonist Kenneth Hollan and changing her name to Billie Holiday, her first taken from an actress she admired and taking her father Clarence last name. For the next two years played clubs like Grey Dawn, Pod’s and Jerry’s and the Brooklyn Elks Club. Replacing Monette Moore in 1933 at Govan’s gave producer John Hammond his first opportunity to hear her and he quickly set up a recording session with Benny Goodman who had heard her two years earlier.
By 1935 she was recording with Teddy Wilson which produced “What A Little Moonlight Can Do” and Miss Brown To You” and established Billie as a major vocalist. Under the Brunswick label during the 1930’s and 40’s, Wilson and Holiday revolutionized improvising melodies to fit the emotion of the lyric and these recordings caught singers attention nationwide who began imitating Billie’s light, rhythmic style.
Among the musicians who accompanied her frequently was her friend tenor saxophonist Lester Young, who dubbed her “Lady Day” and she in turn nicknamed him “Prez”. She also worked with Count Basie and Artie Shaw during this period; the latter arrangement of working with an all-white band went against the tenor of the times. Throughout her career she co-wrote notable jazz standards “God Bless The Child”, Don’t Explain”, Fine and Mellow”, “Lady Sings The Blues” and made “Easy Living” and “Strange Fruit” her signatures. Turbulence followed her from her childhood into adulthood with failed marriages, drug addiction, incarceration and the revocation of her cabaret card prohibiting her from working in New York City.
Arrested for drug possession while she lay dying of cirrhosis of the liver in New York City’s Metropolitan Hospital, she passed away on July 17, 1959. Billie Holiday’s well-trained ear, distinct delivery, masterful improvisation and infallible technique left a profoundly essential impressive catalogue of music that has influenced countless generations of jazz singers.
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From Broadway To 52nd Street
I Married An Angel opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theater on May 11, 1938. Running for three hundred and thirty-eight performances, the musical starred Dennis King, Audrie Christie, Vera Zorina and Vivienne Segal. Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart composed the score from which emerged Spring Is Here as another jazz standard.
The Story: The musical tells the story of a banker and ladies man who breaks off his engagement, swearing he will marry an angel. A real angel promptly flies into his life and he marries her. But her angelic honesty causes no end to problems for him until his sister teaches the angel the way of the cynical world. His sister also bribes a cab driver to delay creditors until a way is found to save her brother’s bank.
Jazz History: On the Street of Jazz musicians, jazz lovers, college students and big businessmen—everybody knew that this was “The Street that Never Slept,” the street where every night was New Year’s Eve. Here, for the price of a drink or two, you could walk through the whole history of jazz. Hot jazz was born and raised on The Street, as were the big swing bands of the thirties and the modern “cool” jazz combos of the forties. Comics like Alan King and Joey Adams got their start here, as did musicians like Erroll Garner, Jack Teagarden, and Coleman Hawkins.
Bessie Smith performed on the Street, as did Count Basie, Charlie “Bird” Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Billie Holiday, Art Tatum, Sarah Vaughn, the Dorsey Brothers, Artie Shaw, and other jazz greats. The Street gave birth in Prohibition-era speakeasies, where musicians jammed for gin or just for the fun of it and its post-Repeal blossoming as the center of the jazz universe. The Street lined up and down on both sides with tiny, smoke-filled rooms where black and white musicians played to capacity crowds long before its postwar decline to become a tawdry tenderloin of strip and clip joints.
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