Daily Dose Of Jazz…

Russell Procope was born on August 11, 1908 in New York City and grew up in San Juan Hill, attending school with Benny Carter. His first instrument was the violin, but he switched to clarinet and alto saxophone. He began his professional career in 1926 as a member of Billy Freeman’s orchestra. At the age of twenty he recorded with Jelly Roll Morton and went on to play with bands led by Benny Carter, Chick Webb, Fletcher Henderson, Tiny Bradshaw, Teddy Hill, King Oliver and Willie Bryant by the mid-Thirties.

Procope would play with Roy Eldridge, Bill Coleman, Frank Newton, Dizzy Gillespie, Dickie Wells and Chu Berry.  He made his first trip to Europe in 1937 as part of Teddy Hill’s band with “The Cotton Club Revue,” an all-Black show, which during its European tour appeared at the London Palladium.

In 1938 Russell replaced Pete Brown in John Kirby’s sextet and made a name for himself until 1945 with a three-year interruption in the Armed Services during World War II. He joined the reed section of the Ellington orchestra in ’46 as an alto saxophonist but made his name and reputation as a clarinetist. During the summer of 1950 the band returned to Europe bringing him back once again as a member and he stayed until the bandleader’s death in 1974,

Playing alto saxophone he recorded the 1956 album “The Persuasive Sax of Russ Procope” under the London Records label.  Although his early playing reflected the influence of Benny Carter, alto saxophonist and clarinetist Russell Procope, most highly regarded for his woody, understated clarinet solos, lyrical approach and forceful swinging attack, passed away on January 21, 1981.

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Daily Dose Of Jazz…

The Savoy Ballroom was a medium sized ballroom created for music and public dancing located between 140th and 141st Streets on Lenox Avenue in Harlem, New York City. Owned by Jewish gangster Moe Paddon, who some say it was a front for Al Capone, it was in operation from March 12, 1926 to July 10, 1958. It is estimated that the ballroom generated $250,000 in annual profit during its peak years with an admission fee being 30 to 85 cents per person.

As the Savoy was a popular dance venue many dances such as the Lindy Hop became famous here. It was known downtown as the “Home of Happy Feet” but uptown, in Harlem, as “the Track”. Unlike the ‘whites only’ policy of the Cotton Club, the Savoy Ballroom was integrated, and white and black Americans danced together. Virtuosic dancers, however, excluded others from the northeast corner of the dance floor, now referred to as the “Cat’s Corner,” although the term was not used at the time.

The ballroom was 10,000 square feet in size, on the second floor and a block long. It could hold up to 4,000 people. Generally, the clientele was 85% black and 15% white. The ballroom had a double bandstand that held one large and one medium sized band running against its east wall. Music was continuous as the alternative band was always in position and ready to pick up the beat when the previous one had completed its set. The interior was painted pink and the walls were mirrored. The floor had to be replaced every 3 years due to its constant use. The Savoy was unique in having the constant presence of a skilled elite of the best Lindy Hoppers.

Chick Webb was the leader of the best-known Savoy house band during the mid-1930s and a teenage Ella Fitzgerald, fresh from a talent show win at the Apollo Theatre in 1934, became its vocalist. 1934’s big band classic, “Stompin’ at the Savoy” was named after the ballroom.

A famous “Battle of the Bands” or “cutting contest” happened when the Benny Goodman Orchestra challenged Chick Webb in 1937. Webb and his band were declared the winners of that contest. And in 1938 the Count Basie Band did the same. While Webb was officially declared the winner, there was a lack of consensus on who actually won that night. The Savoy participated in the 1939 New York World’s Fair, presenting “The Evolution of Negro Dance”.

Despite to save it, the Savoy and the nearby Cotton Club were demolished for the construction of a housing complex, Bethune Towers/Delano Village. On 26 May 2002, Frankie Manning and Norma Miller, surviving members of Whitey’s Lindy Hoppers, unveiled a commemorative plaque for the Savoy Ballroom on Lenox Avenue between 140th and 141st Streets.

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Daily Dose Of Jazz…

Ray Ellis, born July 28, 1923 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania became a well-known record producer, arranger and conductor. In the 1950s and 60s he produced easy-listening sessions for RCA Victor, MGM an Columbia, recorded such well known works as a leader “Let’s Get Away From It All” and “Ellis In Wonderland”.

Ray arranged such works as “A Certain Smile” for Johnny Mathis, “Broken Hearted Melody” for Sarah Vaughan and “Standing On The Corner” for the Four Lads, but his best known jazz orchestration is Billie Holiday’s “Lady In Satin”. He would collaborate with Lena Horne, Emmy Lou Harris, Barbra Streisand, Harold Land, The Drifters, Connie Francis and others

Ellis’ work encompassed all areas of music, from records to film, commercials, and television. His television theme music credits include NBC News At Sunrise with Connie Chung, The Today Show and the original Spider-Man cartoon series.

From 1968 to 1982 Ellis along with Norman Prescott composed and arranged nearly all of the background music for cartoon studio Filmation, composed and conducted the music for Fantastic Voyage, The Hardy Boys, Flash Gordon, The Archie Show and Sabrina The Teenage Witch. He was responsible for  such game show themes such as Sale of the Century, Scrabble and Scattergories among others.

Ray Ellis prolific career ended with his death from complications from melanoma on October 27, 2008 in Encino, California.

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Daily Dose Of Jazz…

Johnny Hodges was born John Keith Hodges on July 25, 1906 in Cambridge, Massachusetts but soon after the family moved to Boston. Growing up with baritone saxophonist Harry Carney and saxophonists Charlie Holmes and Howard E. Johnson, he started out on drums and piano and was mostly self-taught. He became good enough to play the piano at dances in private homes. By the time he was a teenager, he took up the soprano saxophone and around this time he picked up the nickname “Rabbit”, either for his ability to outrun truant officers or his nibbling on lettuce and tomato sandwiches.

When Hodges was 14 he saw Sidney Bechet, introduced himself, played a tune, received encouragement to continue to play and grew a name for himself in the Boston area till he moved to New York in 1924, able to play both the alto and soprano saxophone.

Hodges started playing with Lloyd Scott, Sidney Bechet, Lucky Roberts and Chick Webb. In 1928 he joined the Ellington orchestra and became one of the identifying voices on both alto and soprano sax. Leaving Duke in 1951 to lead his own band, he returned four years later shortly before Ellington’s 1956 performance at the Newport Jazz Festival. Ellington would write pieces like “Confab with Rab”, “Jeep’s Blues”, “Sultry Sunset”, “Hodge Podge” and “Prelude To A Kiss” among many others that featured Hodge.

Johnny’s pure tone and economy of melody on both the blues and ballads won him admiration from musicians of all eras and styles, from Ben Webster to John Coltrane, who both played with him when he had his own orchestra in the 1950s, to Lawrence Welk, who featured him in an album of standards.

Alto saxophonist Johnny Hodges’ last recordings are featured on the New Orleans Suite album and his final performances were at the Imperial Room in Toronto, less than a week before his death from a heart attack on May 11, 1970. He is considered one of the definitive alto saxophones players of swing in the Big Band Era and of mainstream jazz.

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Daily Dose Of Jazz…

George Lewis was born Joseph Louis Francois Zenon on July 13, 1900 in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana. Learning to play the clarinet he started his professional career by age 17, working with Buddy Petit and Chris Kelly regularly as well as the trombonist Kid Ory and other leaders.

It wasn’t until 1942 that George would gain recognition outside the city, when a group of New Orleans jazz enthusiasts, including jazz historian Bill Russell, went to record the older trumpeter Bunk Johnson who chose him as his clarinetist. Lewis was soon asked to make his first recordings as a leader for Russell’s American Music Records.

While working as a stevedore in 1944 a serious accident almost ended his music career however, while convalescing at home he improvised a blues that would become his signature “Burgundy Street Blues”. Lewis returned to play with Bunk Johnson until 1946, eventually taking leadership of the band after Bunk’s retirement.

Starting in 1949 Lewis had regular broadcasts from Bourbon Street on WDSU, was featured in Look Magazine in 1950 giving him international fame, began touring nationally and eventually to Europe and Japan. George Lewis, who achieved fame later in his life and who influenced the like of Louis Armstrong, played clarinet regularly at Preservation Hall from its opening in 1961 until shortly before his death on December 31, 1968.

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