Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Mercer Kennedy Ellington was born on March 11, 1919 in Washington, D.C. and is the only child of the composer, pianist, and bandleader Duke Ellington and his high school sweetheart Edna Thompson. He grew up primarily in Harlem from the age of eight and by the age of eighteen, he had written his first piece to be recorded by his father, Pigeons and Peppers. He attended New College for the Education of Teachers at Columbia University, New York University, and the Juilliard School.
In 1939, 1946 through 1949, and 1959, Mercer led his own bands, many of whose members later performed with his father, or achieved a successful career in their own right including Dizzy Gillespie, Kenny Dorham, Idrees Sulieman, Chico Hamilton, Charles Mingus, and Carmen McRae. During the 1940s, in particular, he wrote pieces that became standards, Things Ain’t What They Used to Be, Jumpin’ Punkins, Moon Mist, and Blue Serge. He also wrote the lyrics to Hillis Walters’ popular song, Pass Me By in 1946), which was recorded by Lena Horne, Carmen McRae, and Peggy Lee.
Composing for his father from 1940 until 1941, he later worked as the road manager for Cootie Williams’ orchestra in 1941 until 1943 and again in 1954. Ellington returned to work for his father playing alto horn in 1950, and then as general manager and copyist from 1955 until 1959. In 1960, he became Della Reese’s musical director, then later went on to take a job as a radio DJ in New York for three years beginning in 1962. He again returned to his father’s orchestra in 1965, this time as trumpeter and road manager. When his father died in 1974, Ellington took over the orchestra, traveling on tour to Europe in 1975 and 1977.
In the early 1980s, Ellington became the first conductor for a Broadway musical of his father’s music, Sophisticated Ladies which ran from 1981 until 1983. Mercer’s Digital Duke won the 1988 Grammy Award for Best Large Jazz Ensemble Album. From 1982 until the early 1990s, the Duke Ellington Orchestra included Barrie Lee Hall, Rocky White, Tommy James, Gregory Charles Royal, J.J. Wiggins, Onzy Matthews, and Shelly Carrol among others.
Trumpeter, composer, arranger, and bandleader Mercer Ellington, who recorded ten albums as a leader and arranged Clark Terry’s Duke With A Difference album, passed away from a heart attack on February 8, 1996 at age 76 in Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Herb Bushler was born March 7, 1939 in New York City and played piano and tuba in his youth before picking up double bass. Classically trained in bass he has performed with symphony orchestras in this capacity. In 1966 he began a longtime association with ballet and film composer Coleridge-Taylor Perkinson.
He worked extensively in jazz idioms in the 1960s and 1970s, including David Amram, Ted Curson, Blossom Dearie, Tony Williams, and Paul Winter. He first played with Gil Evans in 1967, an association that would continue on and off until 1981.
Other work during the 1970s included sessions with Enrico Rava, Joe Farrell, Ryo Kawasaki, David Sanborn, and Harold Vick. He played with The Fifth Dimension in the 1960s and has also worked with Dee Dee Bridgewater, Billy Harper, Les McCann, Joe Chambers, and Howard Johnson. Bassist Herb Bushler, never recording as a leader, continues to perform and record utilizing both double bass and electric bass.
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Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Bill Pemberton was born William McLane on March 5, 1918 in New York City and played violin as a child before switching to bass. From 1941 to 1945 he was a member of Frankie Newton’s orchestra and then went on to work with Herman “Ivory” Chittison, Mercer Ellington, Eddie Barefield, and Billy Kyle later in the 1940s.
During the Fifties, he worked with Art Tatum and Rex Stewart, and from 1966 to 1969 was Earl Hines’s bassist, including for international tours and at the 1967 Newport Jazz Festival and Monterey Jazz Festival.
He also worked with Buck Clayton in 1967. In 1969 he joined the JPJ quartet alongside Budd Johnson, Oliver Jackson, and Dill Jones, and remained with the group until 1975. Simultaneously he played with Ruby Braff, Max Kaminsky, and Vic Dickenson. He rejoined Hines in 1977, playing in Europe with him and Benny Carter. Into the Eighties, he played with Panama Francis, Bill Coleman, and Doc Cheatham.
Double-bassist Bill Pemberton passed away on December 13, 1984 in New York City.
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Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Cliff Smalls was born Clifton Arnold on March 3, 1918 and was raised in Charleston, South Carolina. His father, a carpenter, performed piano and organ for Charleston’s Central Baptist Church. He taught Smalls classical music at an early age. He left home with the Carolina Cotton Pickers and also recorded with them, for instance, Off and on Blues and “Deed I Do, which he arranged and featured Cat Anderson in 1937 when he was 19.
With his career coinciding with the early years of bebop, from 1942 to 1946 he was a trombonist, arranger and also backup piano-player for band-leader and pianist Earl Hines, alongside Dizzie Gillespie and Charlie Parker. While in the Hines band he performed often during broadcasts seven nights a week on open mikes coast-to-coast across America. Hines also used Teddy Wilson, Jess Stacy and Nat “King” Cole as backup piano-players but Smalls was his favorite. He also played in the Jimmie Lunceford and Erskine Hawkins bands.
After the inevitable post-World War II breakup of the Hines big-band, Cliff went on to play and record in smaller ensembles with his former Earl Hines band colleagues, singer and band-leader Billy Eckstine, trombonist Bennie Green, saxophonist Earl Bostic and singer Sarah Vaughan. In 1949 he recorded with JJ Johnson and Charlie Rouse. He was the pianist on Earl Bostic’s 1950 hit Flamingo along with John Coltrane but had a serious automobile accident, with Earl Bostic, in 1951 and laid in bed all of 1952, till March of 1953.
Recovering, Smalls shifted his musical career to serve as music director/arranger for singers Eartha Kitt, Ella Fitzgerald, Sammy Davis, Jr., Smokey Robinson and the Miracles, Clyde McPhatter, Roy Hamilton and Brook Benton. He recorded Bennie Green with Art Farmer in 1956 and was, for many years, a regular with Sy Oliver’s nine-piece Little Big-Band from 1974-1984, a regular stint in New York’s Rainbow Room.
In the 1970s he returned to jazz-recording, including four solo tracks for The Complete Master Jazz Piano Series in 1970, with Sy Oliver in 1973, Texas Twister with Buddy Tate in 1975, Swing and Things in 1976 and Caravan in France in 1978. In 1980 Smalls was featured playing piano in The Cotton Club, directed by Francis Ford Coppola. Trombonist, pianist, conductor and arranger Cliff Smalls, who worked in the jazz, soul and rhythm & blues genres, passed away in 2008.
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Daily Dose Of Jazz…
Lee Castle was born Lee Aniello Castaldo on February 28, 1915 in New York City. His first major professional job under his birth name was with Joe Haymes in 1935. This he followed by a couple of stints with Artie Shaw, Tommy Dorsey and also studied under Dorsey’s father. He also performed with Jack Teagarden, Glenn Miller, Will Bradley, and Benny Goodman.
Lee put together his own band in 1938, and continued to lead off and on through the Forties. He didn’t adopt the name Lee Castle in 1942. In 1953 he returned to duty under Tommy Dorsey and his brother Jimmy Dorsey. After Jimmy’s death, Castle became the leader of his ensemble, remaining in the position until the 1980s.
Trumpeter and bandleader Lee Castle passed away on November 16, 1990 in New York City.
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